Due 3/13/15
Directions: Technical Tier 1 students may simply
download this form, save it, and type the information from the flashcards http://www.quizmeonline.net/flashcards/Study-Guide-for-Foundations-of-Engineering-Midterm-2nd-Semester
Technical Tier 2 students
will put the questions and answers to this information (see the web link above)
on their blog and send me their blog post link via Edmodo.
Technical Tier 3
students will record this information (see the web link above) using Powerpoint
slides and a screencast or vocaroo.com and send me the links via Edmodo. (This level has to be done on your home
computer)
The basic point value is 100 points, but an extra 50 bonus
points will be given for tier 2 and 100 bonus points will be given for Tier 3
entries.
Questions
1.
Advantages of Pneumatics over
Hydraulics– (write/type the 5 key things from the flashcards
here)
Advantages of Pneumatics over
Hydraulics
Hydraulics present certain advantages over pneumatics, but in a given application, pneumatic powered equipment is more suitable, particularly in industries where the factory units are plumbed for _____________ air. COMPRESSED.
Hydraulics present certain advantages over pneumatics, but in a given application, pneumatic powered equipment is more suitable, particularly in industries where the factory units are plumbed for _____________ air. COMPRESSED.
In order to affect ______ motion,
pneumatics employs compression of gases, based on the working principles of
fluid dynamics in the concept of pressure. MECHANICAL.
Any
equipment employing pneumatics uses an ________ set of components: a pneumatic
circuit consisting of active components such as gas compressor, transition
lines, air tanks, hoses, open atmosphere, and passive components.
Interconnecting.
Hydraulics
means use of __________ fluids to execute a mechanical task.
pressurized
Commonly
seen _________ based equipment types are hydraulic presses, hydraulic hoppers,
hydraulic cylinders, and hydraulic rams.
hydraulics
2.
Chapter 18 -
(write/type 3 key things from the flashcards here)
Which
technologies apply the concepts of Newton's third law? jet airplanes,
fireworks, and recoil guns.
What is
Newton's Third Law? Use it to explain how a rocket engine propels a spacecraft
into outer space.
Every
action has an equal and opposite reaction. Thrusters will propel the spacecraft
into outer space by pushing hot gases out a very high velocity. According to
Newton's third law, the spacecraft will experience an equal and opposite force,
propelling it upward into space. Also, acceleration of the games times their
mass equals the acceleration of the rocket times its mass.
What is
meant by the term "resistance"?
Resistance
opposes forward movement.
What does
ETF stand for?
Engineering
the Future
Other engineers
have tackled the problem of making more efficient cars. What are some new car
technologies in development today that are designed to reduce the use of fossil
fuels?
Hybrid
vehicles have both gas engines, and electric motors and batteries, so they can
use both energy sources, either one at a time or together. Hybrid vehicles
capture energy from braking to generate electricity and charge the batteries.
Solar - powered vehicles use photovoltaic (solar) cells; hydrogen-powered
vehicles are reenergized with hydrogen gas, or are powered by fuel cells.
3.
Chapter 19 - (write/type 5 key things from the flashcards
here)
what
is the difference between a gas engine and diesel engine? The main difference
between the two types of engines is in the way that they ignite the gas-air
mixture. Gasoline engines take in a mixture of gas and air, compress it, and
then ignite it with a spark plug. Diesel engines take in just air, compress it,
and then inject fuel into the compressed air. The air is compressed enough to
raise its temperature sufficiently so that the injected fuel will ignite it.
Give
both an advantage and a disadvantage of a diesel engine over a gasoline engine.
Diesel engines are more powerful, and therefore are used to power trains, cargo
ships, and other heavy vehicles. Diesel engine exhaust contains more soot and
other particulate pollutants than gasoline engines.
What
information would you need to know to determine the force with which the piston
pushes the air during the second step of the diesel cycle? P=F/A, therefore F= A x P. You would
need to determine the pressure in the chamber and the surface area of the
piston.
What is
the relationship between volume, temperature, and pressure that is useful for
designing engines?
Volume,
temperature, and pressure are related by the equation "Pressure (P) is
proportional to the temperature (T) of the gas, divided by the volume (V) of
the chamber.
What were
the design requirements for the wheelchair engine? Why did the Stirling engine
seem like it might meet the criteria?
The engine
had to be quiet and had to deliver a lot of power. Because the Stirling engine
is an external combustion engine, there are no explosions inside of the
combustion chamber. Therefore, the engine is very quiet.
"
4.
Chapter
20 (write/type 5 key things from the flashcards here)
According to an article in a financial journal, a certain company earned
3.85 million dollars last year. Based on this report of the company's yearly
earnings, a person reading the article estimates that the company earned an
average of approximately 30 thousand dollars per month. Which of the following
statements best describes the reasonableness of this estimate for the company's
average monthly earnings?
A. The estimate is too low by a factor of 100.
B. The estimate is too low by a factor of 10.
C. The estimate is too high by a factor of 10.
D. The estimate is too high by a factor of 100.
A. The estimate is too low by a factor of 100.
B. The estimate is too low by a factor of 10.
C. The estimate is too high by a factor of 10.
D. The estimate is too high by a factor of 100.
Correct Response B: One way to solve
this problem is to divide 3.85 million dollars by 12 months. Write 3.85 million
as 3,850,000. Since the number of dollars will be divided by 12 and the
question is asking for an estimate, use compatible numbers to estimate
3,850,000 as 3,600,000, which divides evenly by 12: 3,600,000 dollars divided
by 12 months equals 300,000 dollars per month. Hence, 30 thousand dollars per
month is too low by a factor of 10. Another way to solve this problem is using
multiplication. If the company made $30 thousand per month and there are 12
months in the year, then it is possible to evaluate the person's estimate by
finding the product of 12 and 30 thousand dollars to get 12 × $30 thousand =
$360 thousand = $360,000.
What effect do sleep debts have on
the brain? Some say these sleep debts can have a powerful effect on a teen's
ability to learn and retain new material -- especially abstract concepts like
physics, math, and calculus.
In the number 2010, the value
represented by the digit 1 is what fraction of the value represented by the
digit 2?
A. 1/2000
B. 1/200
C. 1/20
D. 1/2 -
A. 1/2000
B. 1/200
C. 1/20
D. 1/2 -
Correct Response B: In a place value
system, the value of a digit depends on the position it occupies. For the
number 2010, the value of the position of each digit is shown below.
thousands = 2
hundreds = 0
tens = 1
ones = 0 -
thousands = 2
hundreds = 0
tens = 1
ones = 0 -
What is
Edmodo?
Edmodo is
a social networking website and learning management system for teachers,
students, and parents. It is marketed as the Facebook for schools -
What is
meant by the term "resistance"?
Resistance
opposes forward movement.
Math – Questions – These questions help you demonstrate your
logic and though processing skills. They
are essential to understand in engineering.
Study the questions from the flashcards as well as these
below . Please note that the answers on
the actual midterm will not be in the same order, so don’t think about
memorizing the answer. You need to
understand the process, so make sure that you read the explanation given.
Correct Response B: It is given in the question that
the numbers in the diagram are rounded to the nearest whole number. Let w represent
the length of the smallest side of the rectangle and l represent the
length of the longest side of the rectangle. Because of the rules of rounding,
the smallest possible value of w is 1.5 in. Note that if w were
smaller, say 1.49 in., then it would have been rounded down to 1 in. The same
line of reasoning applied to l indicates that the smallest possible
value of l is 3.5 in. Since the area of a rectangle A is given by
A = l × w, the smallest possible value for the actual area
of the given rectangle is A = (1.5 in.)(3.5 in.) = 5.25 square inches.
The largest possible value of w is 2.49 in. to two decimal places, 2.499
in. to three decimal places, 2.4999 in. to four decimals places, etc. Likewise,
the largest possible value of l is 4.49 in. to two decimal places, 4.499
in. to three decimal places, 4.4999 in. to four decimal places. Since these
values are very close to, but less than 2.5 in. and 4.5 in., respectively, we
can conclude that the area of the rectangle must always be less than (2.5
in.)(4.5 in) = 11.25 square inches. Therefore, the area of the rectangle must
be greater than or equal to 5.25 square inches and less than 11.25 square
inches (5.25 ≤ A < 11.25). Of the answer choices given, only 5.5
square inches is in this range.
Incorrect Response A: This response comes from
correctly noting that the smallest possible value for the side lengths are w
= 1.5 in. and l = 3.5 in., but by finding the sum of l and w
instead of the product of l and w. The sum of l and w
is not the area of the rectangle. The sum would be 5.0 inches, not 5.0
square inches.
Incorrect Response C: This response most likely
results from incorrectly calculating the largest possible area of the
rectangle, as described above. Incorrect Response D: This response comes
from using the values given in the diagram, and then finding the perimeter of
(i.e., the distance around) the rectangle, instead of the area of the
rectangle. The perimeter would be 12.0 inches, not 12.0 square inches.
Incorrect Response D: This response comes from using
the values given in the diagram, and then finding the perimeter of (i.e., the
distance around) the rectangle, instead of the area of the rectangle. The
perimeter would be 12.0 inches, not 12.0 square inches.
Due 3/13/15
Directions: Technical Tier 1 students may simply
download this form, save it, and type the information from the flashcards http://www.quizmeonline.net/flashcards/Study-Guide-for-Foundations-of-Engineering-Midterm-2nd-Semester
Technical Tier 2 students
will put the questions and answers to this information (see the web link above)
on their blog and send me their blog post link via Edmodo.
Technical Tier 3
students will record this information (see the web link above) using Powerpoint
slides and a screencast or vocaroo.com and send me the links via Edmodo. (This level has to be done on your home
computer)
The basic point value is 100 points, but an extra 50 bonus
points will be given for tier 2 and 100 bonus points will be given for Tier 3
entries.
Questions
1.
Advantages of Pneumatics over
Hydraulics– (write/type the 5 key things from the flashcards
here)
Advantages of Pneumatics over
Hydraulics
Hydraulics present certain advantages over pneumatics, but in a given application, pneumatic powered equipment is more suitable, particularly in industries where the factory units are plumbed for _____________ air. COMPRESSED.
Hydraulics present certain advantages over pneumatics, but in a given application, pneumatic powered equipment is more suitable, particularly in industries where the factory units are plumbed for _____________ air. COMPRESSED.
In order to affect ______ motion,
pneumatics employs compression of gases, based on the working principles of
fluid dynamics in the concept of pressure. MECHANICAL.
Any
equipment employing pneumatics uses an ________ set of components: a pneumatic
circuit consisting of active components such as gas compressor, transition
lines, air tanks, hoses, open atmosphere, and passive components.
Interconnecting.
Hydraulics
means use of __________ fluids to execute a mechanical task.
pressurized
Commonly
seen _________ based equipment types are hydraulic presses, hydraulic hoppers,
hydraulic cylinders, and hydraulic rams.
hydraulics
2.
Chapter 18 -
(write/type 3 key things from the flashcards here)
Which
technologies apply the concepts of Newton's third law? jet airplanes,
fireworks, and recoil guns.
What is
Newton's Third Law? Use it to explain how a rocket engine propels a spacecraft
into outer space.
Every
action has an equal and opposite reaction. Thrusters will propel the spacecraft
into outer space by pushing hot gases out a very high velocity. According to
Newton's third law, the spacecraft will experience an equal and opposite force,
propelling it upward into space. Also, acceleration of the games times their
mass equals the acceleration of the rocket times its mass.
What is
meant by the term "resistance"?
Resistance
opposes forward movement.
What does
ETF stand for?
Engineering
the Future
Other engineers
have tackled the problem of making more efficient cars. What are some new car
technologies in development today that are designed to reduce the use of fossil
fuels?
Hybrid
vehicles have both gas engines, and electric motors and batteries, so they can
use both energy sources, either one at a time or together. Hybrid vehicles
capture energy from braking to generate electricity and charge the batteries.
Solar - powered vehicles use photovoltaic (solar) cells; hydrogen-powered
vehicles are reenergized with hydrogen gas, or are powered by fuel cells.
3.
Chapter 19 - (write/type 5 key things from the flashcards
here)
what
is the difference between a gas engine and diesel engine? The main difference
between the two types of engines is in the way that they ignite the gas-air
mixture. Gasoline engines take in a mixture of gas and air, compress it, and
then ignite it with a spark plug. Diesel engines take in just air, compress it,
and then inject fuel into the compressed air. The air is compressed enough to
raise its temperature sufficiently so that the injected fuel will ignite it.
Give
both an advantage and a disadvantage of a diesel engine over a gasoline engine.
Diesel engines are more powerful, and therefore are used to power trains, cargo
ships, and other heavy vehicles. Diesel engine exhaust contains more soot and
other particulate pollutants than gasoline engines.
What
information would you need to know to determine the force with which the piston
pushes the air during the second step of the diesel cycle? P=F/A, therefore F= A x P. You would
need to determine the pressure in the chamber and the surface area of the
piston.
What is
the relationship between volume, temperature, and pressure that is useful for
designing engines?
Volume,
temperature, and pressure are related by the equation "Pressure (P) is
proportional to the temperature (T) of the gas, divided by the volume (V) of
the chamber.
What were
the design requirements for the wheelchair engine? Why did the Stirling engine
seem like it might meet the criteria?
The engine
had to be quiet and had to deliver a lot of power. Because the Stirling engine
is an external combustion engine, there are no explosions inside of the
combustion chamber. Therefore, the engine is very quiet.
"
4.
Chapter
20 (write/type 5 key things from the flashcards here)
According to an article in a financial journal, a certain company earned
3.85 million dollars last year. Based on this report of the company's yearly
earnings, a person reading the article estimates that the company earned an
average of approximately 30 thousand dollars per month. Which of the following
statements best describes the reasonableness of this estimate for the company's
average monthly earnings?
A. The estimate is too low by a factor of 100.
B. The estimate is too low by a factor of 10.
C. The estimate is too high by a factor of 10.
D. The estimate is too high by a factor of 100.
A. The estimate is too low by a factor of 100.
B. The estimate is too low by a factor of 10.
C. The estimate is too high by a factor of 10.
D. The estimate is too high by a factor of 100.
Correct Response B: One way to solve
this problem is to divide 3.85 million dollars by 12 months. Write 3.85 million
as 3,850,000. Since the number of dollars will be divided by 12 and the
question is asking for an estimate, use compatible numbers to estimate
3,850,000 as 3,600,000, which divides evenly by 12: 3,600,000 dollars divided
by 12 months equals 300,000 dollars per month. Hence, 30 thousand dollars per
month is too low by a factor of 10. Another way to solve this problem is using
multiplication. If the company made $30 thousand per month and there are 12
months in the year, then it is possible to evaluate the person's estimate by
finding the product of 12 and 30 thousand dollars to get 12 × $30 thousand =
$360 thousand = $360,000.
What effect do sleep debts have on
the brain? Some say these sleep debts can have a powerful effect on a teen's
ability to learn and retain new material -- especially abstract concepts like
physics, math, and calculus.
In the number 2010, the value
represented by the digit 1 is what fraction of the value represented by the
digit 2?
A. 1/2000
B. 1/200
C. 1/20
D. 1/2 -
A. 1/2000
B. 1/200
C. 1/20
D. 1/2 -
Correct Response B: In a place value
system, the value of a digit depends on the position it occupies. For the
number 2010, the value of the position of each digit is shown below.
thousands = 2
hundreds = 0
tens = 1
ones = 0 -
thousands = 2
hundreds = 0
tens = 1
ones = 0 -
What is
Edmodo?
Edmodo is
a social networking website and learning management system for teachers,
students, and parents. It is marketed as the Facebook for schools -
What is
meant by the term "resistance"?
Resistance
opposes forward movement.
Math – Questions – These questions help you demonstrate your
logic and though processing skills. They
are essential to understand in engineering.
Study the questions from the flashcards as well as these
below . Please note that the answers on
the actual midterm will not be in the same order, so don’t think about
memorizing the answer. You need to
understand the process, so make sure that you read the explanation given.
Correct Response B: It is given in the question that
the numbers in the diagram are rounded to the nearest whole number. Let w represent
the length of the smallest side of the rectangle and l represent the
length of the longest side of the rectangle. Because of the rules of rounding,
the smallest possible value of w is 1.5 in. Note that if w were
smaller, say 1.49 in., then it would have been rounded down to 1 in. The same
line of reasoning applied to l indicates that the smallest possible
value of l is 3.5 in. Since the area of a rectangle A is given by
A = l × w, the smallest possible value for the actual area
of the given rectangle is A = (1.5 in.)(3.5 in.) = 5.25 square inches.
The largest possible value of w is 2.49 in. to two decimal places, 2.499
in. to three decimal places, 2.4999 in. to four decimals places, etc. Likewise,
the largest possible value of l is 4.49 in. to two decimal places, 4.499
in. to three decimal places, 4.4999 in. to four decimal places. Since these
values are very close to, but less than 2.5 in. and 4.5 in., respectively, we
can conclude that the area of the rectangle must always be less than (2.5
in.)(4.5 in) = 11.25 square inches. Therefore, the area of the rectangle must
be greater than or equal to 5.25 square inches and less than 11.25 square
inches (5.25 ≤ A < 11.25). Of the answer choices given, only 5.5
square inches is in this range.
Incorrect Response A: This response comes from
correctly noting that the smallest possible value for the side lengths are w
= 1.5 in. and l = 3.5 in., but by finding the sum of l and w
instead of the product of l and w. The sum of l and w
is not the area of the rectangle. The sum would be 5.0 inches, not 5.0
square inches.
Incorrect Response C: This response most likely
results from incorrectly calculating the largest possible area of the
rectangle, as described above. Incorrect Response D: This response comes
from using the values given in the diagram, and then finding the perimeter of
(i.e., the distance around) the rectangle, instead of the area of the
rectangle. The perimeter would be 12.0 inches, not 12.0 square inches.
Incorrect Response D: This response comes from using
the values given in the diagram, and then finding the perimeter of (i.e., the
distance around) the rectangle, instead of the area of the rectangle. The
perimeter would be 12.0 inches, not 12.0 square inches.
